(4/12) The above illustration depicts the most advanced idea explaining the ice-binding manner of AFP. This is called “anchored clathrate water (ACW) mechanism” initially proposed by Prof. Peter Davies at Queen’s university [1]. AFP locates the ice-like organized waters on its surface (page 1). AFP comes close to the growing ice-water interface (or Quasi-liquid layer) of a single ice crystal in chilled water (left). At a moment of the contact, AFP’s surface waters joint to the latticed waters of the ice crystal to be included (right), thereby forming an AFP-ice complex. The surface waters of AFP play an anchoring role, so that Peter named them ACWs. Both basal and prism planes of a single ice crystal (page 3) would be occupied with stag beetle AFPs, since their surface waters (page 1) have a space complementarity to these ice planes. (->next) (->page1) (->home) |
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